Question 47.
What matter is recited during Salat and what are the names given to its various parts? ?

Answer 47.
The names and the texts of the matter recited in the Salat are as given below:
TAKBIR(glorification of Allah):
ALLAHU AKBAR
(Allah is the Greatest)
THANA (Hymn in praise of Allah):

SUBHANA-KA-L-LA-HUM-MA WA BI-HAMDI-KA WA-TABARAK-ASMU-KA WA TA’ ALA-JADDU-KA WA-TA-LA ILAHA GHAI-RUK
(O Allah ! Thou Art Sanctified. We praise Thee. Thy name is of great Blessedness, and Thy Greatness is Supreme and none else is worthy of worship except Thee).
TA’AW-WUZ (Seeking Allah’s protection):

A’UZU BIL-LAHI MINASH-SHAITANIR-RAJIM
(I seek the protection of Allah from the accursed Satan).
TASMIYAH (Pronouncing Allah’s name):

BISMIL-LAHIR-RAHMANIR-RAHIM
(In the name of Allah, the Beneficent, the Merciful).
SURAH AL-FATIHA OR AL-HAMD:
AL-HAMDU LIL-LAHI RAB-BIL-ALA-MIN. AR-RAHMANIR-RAHIM. MALIKI YAUMID-DIN. IY-YAKA NA’BUDU WA IY-YAKA NASTA’IN. IHDINAS-SIRATAL-MUSTAQIM. SIRATAL-LAZINA AN’AMTA’ALAIHIM. GHAIRIL-MAGHDUBI ‘ALAI-HIM WALAD-DAL-LIN.
(All the praises are for Allah, the Sustainer of all the worlds, the Beneficent, the Merciful, Lord of the Day of Judgment. (O Allah) Thee alone do we worship and Thee alone do we ask for help. Lead us along the straight path, the path of those upon whom Thou hast bestowed Thy favours, not of those who incurred Thy wrath, nor (of those who) went astray).
SURAH AL-KAUTHER,(Fount of Abundance):

IN-NA A’TAINAK-AL-KAUTHAR. FA-SAL-LI LI-RAB0BI-KA WANHAR. IN-NA SHANI ‘AK-A HUWAL-ABTAR.
(O Prophet!) We bestowed Kauthar (the Fount of Abundance) upon the. Therefore, to thy Sustainer turn in prayer and offer sacrifice. Indeed thy foe is to perish.
SURAH AL-IKHLAS(Purity of Faith):

QUL HUWALLAHU AHAD. ALLAHUS-SAMAD. LAM YALID WA-LAM YULAD. WA-LUM YAKU(N)L-LAHU KUFUWAN AHAD.
(O Prophet !) Proclaim that He, Allah, is One. Allah the Unique. He begets not. Nor is He begotten. And there is no compeer unto Him.
SURAH AL-FALAQ(DAYBREAK):

QUL A’UZU BI-RAB-BIL-FALAQI MIN SHAR-RI MA KHALAQA WA MIN SHAR-RI GHASIQIN IZA WAQAB. WA MIN SHAR-RIN-NAF-FATHATI FIL-‘UQADI WA MIN SHAR-RI HASIDIN IZA HASAD.
(O Prophet !) Say: I seek refuge in the Lord of the day break from the mischief of all the creations and from the mischief of the dusk when it pervades and from the mischief of the women who breathe upon the knots (practice witchcraft) and from the mischief of the jealous when he is being envious.
SURAH AN NAS (The Mankind):

QUL A’UZU BIRAB-BIN-NASI, MALIKIN-NASI ILAHIN-NAS MIN SHAR-RAL-WAS-WASIL-KHAN-NAS. AL-LAZI YUWASWISU FI SUDURIN-NASI MINAL-JIN-NATI WAN-NAS.
(O Prophet !) say: I seek the refuge of the Sustainer of men, the King of men from the mischief of the sneaking whisperer who whispers evil ideas unto man whether he be from amongst men or genies.
TASBIH FOR RUKU’or Bowing
SUBHANA RAB-BIYAL ‘ADHIM
(Glory be unto my Sustainer, the Majestic).
TASMI’for QAUMAH(rising from Ruku’):

SAMI ‘ALLAHU LI-MAN HAMIDAH,
(Allah listened to whosoever praised Him).
TAHMID for QAUMAH:
RAB-BANA LAKAL-HAMD.
(O our Sustainer ! All the praises are for Thee).
TASBIH for SIJDAH (placing forehead on the ground):

SUBHANA RABBIYAL-A’LA
(Glory be unto my sustainer, the Most Exalted)
TASHAH-HD or AT-TAHIYYAT

AT-TAHIY-YATU LIL-LAHI WAS-SALAWATU WAT-TAIY-YIBATU. AS-SALAMU’ALAIKA. AY-YUHAN-NABIY-YU WA RA-HMATUL-LAHI WA BARAKATUHU. AS-SALAMU ‘ALAINA WA ‘ALA ‘IBADILLA-HIS-SALIHIN. ASHHADU A(N)L-LA-IL-AHA IL-LALLAHU WA ASH-HADU AN-NA-MUHAM-MADAN ‘ABDUHU WA RASULUH.
(All the salutations, prayers and nice things are for Allah. Peace be on you O Prophet, and the blessings of Allah, and His grace. Peace on us and on all the righteous servants of Allah. I bear witness that none but Allah is worthy of worship and bear witness that Muhammad is the servant and messenger of Allah.
THE HOLY DURUD (Blessings on the Prophet):
ALLAHUM-MA SAL-LI ‘ALA MUHAMMADI(N)W-WA-‘ALA ALI MUHAMMADIN KAMA SAL-LAITA ‘ALA IBRAHIMA WA ‘ALA ALI IBRAHIMA IN-NA-KA HAMI-DUM-MAJID. ALLAHUM-MA BARIK ‘ALA MUHAM-MADI(N)W-WA ‘ALA ALI MUHAM-MADIN KAMA BARAKTA ‘ALA IBRAHIMA WA ‘ALA ALI IBRAHIMA IN-NA-KA HAMI-DUM-MAJID.

(O Allah, bless Muhammad and the off-springs of Muhammad as Thou blessedst Ibrahim and the offsprings of Ibrahim. Verily Thou art worthy of praise and art the Most Exalted. O Allah, bestow Thy favours on Muhammad and the offsprings of Muhammad as Thou bestowedst Thy favours on Ibrahim and the offsprings of Ibrahim. Verily, Thou art worthy of praise and art the Most Exalted.
INVOCATION AFTER THE HOLY DURUD:

ALLAHUM-MA IN-NI DHALAMTU NAFSI DHULMAN KATHIRA (N)W-WA-LAYAGHFIRUZ-ZUNUBAIL-LA-ANTA FAGH-FIR-LI MAGHFIRATAM-MIN ‘INDI-KA WARHAMNI IN-NA-KA ANTAL-GHARU-RUR-RAHIM.
(O Allah ! I have done great wrong to my-self and none but Thee forgivest the sins; hence, accord me forgiveness from Thyself, and have mercy on me. Verily, Thou art the-Most For-giving, the Most Merciful.
SALAM (Salutation):

AS-SALAMU ‘ALAIMUM WA RAHMAT-UL-LAH.
(Allah’s peace and blessings be on you)
INVOCATION AFTER SALAT:

ALLAHUM-MA ANTAS-SALAMU WA MINKAS-SALAMU TABARAKTA YA ZAL-JALALI WAL-IKRAM.
(O Allah ! Thou art the Bestower of p and peace flows from Thee. Thou be praised, the Most Exalted and Glorious).

THE QUNUT (Obeisance)
ALLAHUM-MA IN-NA NASTA’INU-KA WA NASTAGHFIRU-KA WA NU’MINU BI-KA WA NATAWAK-KALU ‘ALAIKA WA NUTHNI ‘ALAIKAL-KHAIRA WA NASH-KURU-KA WA-LA NAKFURU-KA WA NAKHLA’U WA NATRUKU MA(N)Y-FAF-JURUK. ALLAHUM-MA IY-YAKA NA’BUDU WA LA-KA NUSAL-LI WA NASJU-DU WA ILAIKA NAS’A WA NAHFIDU WA NARJU RAHMATA-KA WA NAKHSHA ‘AZABA-KA IN-NA ‘AZABA-KA BIL-KUF-FARI MULHIQ.

(O Allah! We seek Thy help and beg Thy pardon and affirm our faith in Thee and rely on Thee and give good praise to Thee and thank Thee and do not withhold our gratitude from Thee and leave and forsake him who disobey Thee. Thee alone do we worship and for Thee alone do we offer Salat, and fall prostate before Thee, and run and rush towards Thee, and hope for Thy mercy and fear Thy chastisement. Verily, Thy chastisement is to close in on the unbelievers)